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Error code reference

Bradford White Water Heater Error Code 6-1 flash

Failed to light pilot within 90-second trial for ignition

Bradford White codesBradford White water heater codes

Failed to light pilot within 90-second trial for ignition. System auto resets after 5 minutes.

First step from the service manual

Inspect pilot per Service Procedure II (page 18): check for unstable pilot, blocked/restricted pilot tube, oxidation on electrode, wire damage, or low gas pressure.

The complete diagnostic procedure includes additional test steps, resistance specifications, wiring diagram references, and component test points.

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What 6-1 flash means on a Bradford White water heater

The 6-1 flash error on a Bradford White water heater indicates that the ignition control module failed to establish a pilot flame within the 90-second trial for ignition (TFI) period. During this window, the igniter fires repeatedly while the gas valve opens to allow gas flow to the pilot assembly. If the control does not detect a flame signal from the thermocouple or thermopile within that 90-second window, it locks out and displays the 6-1 fault code. The system is designed to auto-reset after a 5-minute lockout period, after which it will attempt ignition again automatically.

This fault is centered on the pilot assembly and its supporting components. The most common root causes include a blocked or restricted pilot tube that prevents adequate gas flow to the pilot burner, oxidation or contamination on the igniter electrode that prevents a reliable spark, and an unstable pilot flame that lights briefly but cannot sustain itself long enough for the sensor to confirm ignition. Low gas supply pressure is another contributing factor, as insufficient pressure prevents the pilot from establishing a stable flame even when all mechanical components are functioning correctly.

Wire damage along the harness connecting the ignition module to the electrode or gas valve can also disrupt the ignition sequence. A thorough inspection of the pilot assembly, electrode condition, pilot tube routing, and incoming gas pressure should be performed before replacing any components. These diagnostics are outlined in the unit's Service Procedure II, which provides a structured approach to isolating the specific failure point.

Source: manufacturer service documentation.

Common causes of 6-1 flash

  1. 01

    Blocked or Restricted Pilot Tube

    Wiring / connection

    Debris, corrosion, or sediment inside the pilot tube can restrict gas flow enough to prevent the pilot from igniting. Inspect the pilot orifice and tube for blockages and clear with compressed air if needed.

  2. 02

    Oxidation or Fouling on the Igniter Electrode

    Part replacement

    Oxidation buildup on the electrode tip reduces spark intensity, making reliable ignition difficult. Visually inspect the electrode and clean or replace it if the tip shows heavy oxidation or carbon deposits.

  3. 03

    Unstable Pilot Flame

    Wiring / connection

    A pilot that lights but flickers out before the sensor confirms ignition can repeatedly trigger this fault. Drafts, low gas pressure, or a partially obstructed pilot hood can all cause an unstable flame.

  4. 04

    Low Gas Supply Pressure

    Wiring / connection

    Insufficient incoming gas pressure prevents the pilot burner from sustaining a flame during the trial period. A gas technician should verify supply pressure at the unit matches the required specification.

  5. 05

    Damaged Wiring in the Ignition Circuit

    Part replacement

    Cracked insulation, broken connectors, or corroded terminals on the wiring harness between the ignition module and electrode or gas valve can interrupt the ignition signal. Inspect all wiring and connections for visible damage.

See the test procedure for each cause

Frequently asked questions about 6-1 flash

What does 6-1 flash mean on a Bradford White water heater?
The 6-1 flash code means the water heater failed to ignite the pilot flame within its 90-second trial for ignition period. The ignition control module attempted to fire the pilot but could not confirm a stable flame before the timer expired. The system will automatically attempt to reset and retry after a 5-minute lockout. If the fault repeats, a physical inspection of the pilot assembly, gas supply, electrode, and wiring is needed.
Can I fix the 6-1 flash error myself, or do I need a technician?
Some causes of the 6-1 fault are DIY-friendly, such as cleaning a fouled electrode or checking for obvious wiring damage. However, diagnosing low gas pressure or safely servicing the gas valve requires proper tools and training. If you are not comfortable working with gas appliances, a licensed technician should perform the inspection and any repairs.
Is the 6-1 flash error on my Bradford White water heater a safety hazard?
The 6-1 lockout is a safety feature, not a hazard in itself. The control module shuts down the ignition attempt to prevent unburned gas from accumulating. Because the system stops gas flow during a lockout, the situation is controlled and not immediately dangerous. However, you should not repeatedly attempt manual resets without identifying and correcting the underlying cause.
Will resetting the water heater clear the 6-1 flash code?
The unit auto-resets after 5 minutes and will attempt ignition again on its own. A manual reset may temporarily clear the display, but if the underlying cause is not corrected, the 6-1 fault will return during the next ignition attempt. Clearing the code without addressing the root cause only delays the repair.
How much does it cost to repair a Bradford White water heater showing the 6-1 flash code?
Repair costs vary depending on the root cause. Cleaning the electrode or clearing a blocked pilot tube is low-cost, potentially just a service call fee ranging from $75 to $150. Replacing the igniter electrode or wiring harness may add $50 to $150 in parts. If the gas valve or ignition control module requires replacement, total repair costs could range from $250 to $600 or more depending on labor rates in your area.

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